Vitiligo is a condition in which pale patches form on the skin.
These patches are the result of a loss of pigment, or melanin.
Vitiligo is not contagious or painful; however, it may cause psychological distress, especially in individuals with darker skin, where it is more noticeable.
figure 1
Though the root causes of vitiligo are not fully understood, non segmental vitiligo, the most common type, is thought to be autoimmune.
The body attacks pigment producing cells called melanocytes.
figure 2
Normally, melanocytes produce melanin, which is then transferred to the surrounding cells.
Without melanocytes, the skin cannot produce melanin, and the skin turns pale.
figure 3
Care Instructions
Treatment
There are several treatment options for vitiligo but they are not necessary. Though vitiligo is chronic and relapsing, it may be possible to reduce its appearance.
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Over the counter camouflage creams can help even out the skintone.
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Topical steroid creams may also be prescribed.
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It is important to protect your skin from the sun, especially the patches which no longer contain melanin.